ع ذ ب (ʿ-dh-b): Every Word From This Root in the Quran

Quran Root Words > Root ʿ-dh-b

The Arabic root ع ذ ب (ʿ-dh-b) occurs 373 times in the Quran, in 5 different words, and is number 18 of the Quran's 1,642 roots by frequency. The most frequent word is عَذَاب (ʿadhāb), 322 times, followed by عَذَّبَ (ʿadhdhaba), 41 times.

What the root ʿ-dh-b means

The Quranic Arabic Corpus glosses the root's form II verb عَذَّبَ (ʿadhdhaba) as "to punish". In the MASAQ word-by-word glosses, عَذَاب (ʿadhāb) is most often rendered "a punishment".

All three letters of ʿ-dh-b, ع ذ ب, are consonants with no weak letter among them, and every word the Quran builds on the root keeps all three in the same order. In عَذَاب (ʿadhāb) and عَذَّبَ (ʿadhdhaba) only the vowels and the added letters differ.

Every word from the root ʿ-dh-b in the Quran

The Quran builds 5 different words on ʿ-dh-b. The table lists them from most to least frequent, with the spelling the corpus gives each one, its word type, its meaning and its number of occurrences. One verb, عَذَّبَ (ʿadhdhaba), accounts for 41 of the root's 373 occurrences; the rest are nouns, adjectives and participles.

Meanings in quotation marks are MASAQ word-by-word glosses, the others the corpus dictionary's, and the word types follow the dictionary. Every count on this page is a lemma count from the Quranic Arabic Corpus, version 0.4. We compared each of these 5 counts, and the root total of 373, with the corpus's own dictionary entry for ʿ-dh-b, and all of them match.

The root ʿ-dh-b in the verses of the Quran

Words from ʿ-dh-b appear in 336 verses spread over 68 of the Quran's 114 suras. Sura 2 has the most of them, 18 verses. Below are the shortest verses in which the root's most frequent words occur, with the word marked. The text is the Uthmani text of Tanzil, and each reference opens the verse on quran.com with translations.

عَذَاب (ʿadhāb), 322 times

إِنَّ عَذَابَ رَبِّكَ لَوَٰقِعٌ
Quran 52:7; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "(the) punishment"

فَذُوقُوا۟ عَذَابِى وَنُذُرِ
Quran 54:39; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "my punishment"

فَبَشِّرْهُم بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
Quran 84:24; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "of a punishment"

عَذَّبَ (ʿadhdhaba), 41 times

فَيُعَذِّبُهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْعَذَابَ ٱلْأَكْبَرَ
Quran 88:24; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "then will punish him"

فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَّا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌ
Quran 89:25; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "will punish"

مُعَذَّبِين (muʿadhdhabīn), 4 times

وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ
Quran 26:138; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "(are) the ones to be punished"

إِلَّا مَوْتَتَنَا ٱلْأُولَىٰ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ
Quran 37:59; word-by-word gloss of the marked word: "will be punished"

Learning the words of ʿ-dh-b

عَذَاب (ʿadhāb), no. 33 with 322, is on our list of the 100 most common Quran words, which counts it the same way. Its verb follows the pattern of form II, and our Arabic verb conjugator conjugates any root in any form, so you can see how عَذَّبَ changes for person and tense. The root ʿ-dh-b is one of the 1,642 roots you can search in our Quran root word explorer; for the rest of the language, see our Arabic learning resources by level.

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